1. Solution and washing step:
After sorting the wools, they are thrown into a winding machine. The scrubbing action removes dust and debris from the wools and makes them more susceptible to detergents during the washing process.
A) Solution: Removing wool and removing it from foreign materials (such as dust, plant waste) is called Solution
The solution is done in two manual and machine types:
Manual Solution (Traditional Solution Method): In this method, the wool is braided using a special bow and fist method that blurs the wool with a bow, and the solution is woven.
2- Machine wash: This operation is performed in factories before washing using mechanical equipment. Solvent treatment removes dust and debris from the wool and exposes the detergent to the wool during the washing process.
B) Washing: After scrubbing, the wool is brushed by immersing it in dilute sulfuric acid solution, which causes the scabs and shavings to be attached to fibers that were not separated by wool. Soaking the wool in an alkaline bath will neutralize the effect of acid and then wash the wool with water. After combing, it is time to wash the wool, which is done in both manual and machine form, which is a safer and healthier machine method:
1- Handwashing: This old-fashioned method of washing used wool and water to wash wool, which absorbs oils to make it better for washing. Soak them in fresh, smooth, cold water to remove as much fat as possible from the wool.
In another method of manual washing, the wool pollination method is used to take the live animal into the river and to wash it with soap and water. However, this method does not thoroughly clean the wool and as a result is not a complete and reliable method and wools must be rinsed with hygiene.
2- Machine Washing: After washing, the wools are put into the washing machine. This machine, which consists of 3 to 5 ponds, allows the wools to be washed thoroughly and hygienically. The contents of the ponds in the washing machine 5 The basin is as follows:
First basin: This basin contains only pure water (for example 10 kg of wool in this basin is 50 liters of water) In this basin the wool is stirred for 15 minutes then the wool is extracted and water is extracted. And enter the pool.
2. Basin 2: This basin contains sodium carbonate water (50 liters of water and 250 grams of sodium carbonate) in this basin for about 5 minutes.
3. Third basin: 50 liters of water and 50 grams of soap available in the basin where the wools are washed with these substances (if soap can be used detergent and water may be slightly warmer) Wool wash time 5 minutes Is.
4- The fourth basin: This basin contains 50 liters of water and 25 grams of soap. Again, the wools are washed in the basin (preferably slightly warmer). The wool is kept in the basin for 5 minutes.
5. The fifth basin: This basin is made up of pure water only. The wools are brought back to the basin for a few minutes and then dried and dried.
It is noteworthy that wool should not be moved too much and that alkalis should be removed from the wool as much as possible, and wool drying should be done thoroughly and thoroughly, as they will rot if the wool does not dry properly. Carpet weaving will not be appropriate.
Washing operations ensure that the wool does not rot and does not rot and caries. In general, machine wash is a safe, complete and reliable method of health and ensures the future health of the weaver.
It should be noted that the wool yields (percentage of pure wool to wool impurities) vary for different regions of the country and the higher the wool the higher the wool value, the ratio is 44% – 36% for Sabzevar and Torbat Heydariyeh wools. Kermanshah is 52% – 46%.